Analysis and evaluation of signal efficiency parameters in a transmission system over fiber optics using QAM modulation and employing Optisystem

Abstract

Introduction: This work addresses the design of an optical communications transmission system using QAM modulation and the OptiSystem software, which will help analyze the signal during the transmission process, resulting in different variations of this type. of modulation such as 4-QAM, 8-QA, 16-QAM, 32-QAM, 64-QAM at different distances, also considering the type of fiber used for long distances such as single-mode, in this way the results obtained to analyze are to be the Q factor, BER, threshold, with which an analysis will be given in each of the aforementioned cases. Objectives: Analyze and evaluate the efficiency parameters of a signal in a simulation scheme of an optical communications system. Methodology: The methodology used to analyze and evaluate the different efficiency parameters of a signal, simulations of an optical communications system have been carried out using QAM modulation based on a diagram designed in the OptiSystem software with its different tools, the analyzed signal will go from a transmitter to a receiver, considering a medium whose distance will be variable, and in the same way the type of optical fiber considered in this case for long distances becomes single-mode because it has transmission efficiency over long distances and thus, to analyze the eye diagrams, the bit error rate, threshold, and the quality factor of the signal at reception. Results: The results of this work have been satisfactory since it shows in each graph, the different values ​​of signal performance with the variations that QAM modulation has, and in different cases there is better signal performance depending on the distance.   Conclusions: This work has shown that the digital signal must be treated according to the service that is going to be used, and that QAM modulation will offer greater spectral efficiency when a higher order such as 64-QAM is used compared to a higher order. lower. , a cost of increased noise sensitivity. General study area: Telecommunications. Specific area of ​​study: Optical Communications. Type of study: Original, technical project, optical communications.