Background: Neuromyelitis Optica, also called Devic's disease, is a rare autoimmune demyelinating entity of the Central Nervous System that compromises the optic nerves and spinal cord, causing loss of visual acuity and motor impairment. Case description: the clinical case of a 28-year-old woman who presents signs of myelopathy and sudden amaurosis is presented, meeting criteria for neuromyelitis optica. Treatment was started by interrupting the pregnancy and then continuing with boluses of methylprednizone, which, as there was no improvement, began with biological therapy, giving positive results from the first dose. Rituximab belongs to the group of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies, an important option in the absence of response to the first line of treatment. Objective: To determine the clinical and therapeutic profile of patients diagnosed with neuromyelitis optica. Conclusion: The patient presents Neuromyelitis optical, with visual and motor alterations, with an Expanded Disability State Scale (EDSS) of eighteen points, treated with intravenous methylprednisolone, does not present a favorable evolution. At full doses, there is evidence of a notable improvement in the clinical picture, with a final score on the EDSS scale of eight points.

Introduction. Educational management and teacher performance is a fundamental role in improving the work environment in educational units. On the one hand, educational management is necessary to improve teacher performance. It involves aspects such as planning, organization, direction and control of resources and processes. In Ecuador, it is a government priority to seek the quality of the public education service. Objective. To determine the impact of educational management on teacher performance in educational units in Ecuador. Methodology. We opted for qualitative research indicating aspects such as the identification of the problem, bibliographical consultation of the necessary sources to support the study variables, prioritizing the findings, analyzing the information, and interpreting the scientific information identified in order to conclude. Results. The factors affecting teacher performance in Ecuadorian schools are identified, the main one being teacher training and professional development opportunities. Another to be considered are the strategies to improve teacher performance identified the various trainings required by MINEDUC. Finally, the case studies where educational management has improved teacher performance depending on the type of school A, B, C by the characteristics of the size of the institution. Conclusion. The study indicates that proper educational management helps to improve teaching performance because with clear guidelines and with teaching freedoms can improve administrative and academic activities. General area of study: education. Specific area of study: educational quality

Introduction: currently social interactions are present in different digital platforms; internet users have the possibility of consuming different types of content on social networks. But this digital phenomenon also involves identifying alternatives for information consumption to recognize the veracity of texts, images or videos.   Due to the heterogeneity that surrounds the user in digital environments, the limits in their actions, especially in the consumption of content  do not have the appropriate limits, they consume information to satisfy their social needs, entertainment, in very few occasions the veracity of the content is reviewed, and the necessary measures are not taken into account to verify the veracity of the content they share. Objectives:  the objective of this research is to analyze what factors influence the consumption of content from social networks by university students in the city of Riobamba. Methodology: the study has a quantitative approach, non-experimental design, descriptive field type.  The technique used was the survey, with a questionnaire composed of 31 items, as an instrument.  The population is made up of university students from the city of Riobamba. Results: in the results obtained from the general section it is observed that a high percentage of use of social networks, choose entertainment content, but with less preference informative and educational content.  Conclusions: in the positive factors the relevance of the consumption of information regarding problems that affect Ecuador, and the world is observed. In the negative factors are observed the presence of false information in social networks, sensationalism, saturation of information and harassment. It is evident that positive factors are more relevant than negative factors for university students and communication in the classroom is recommended to strengthen responsible consumption. General area of study: Communication. Specific area of study: Digital communication.

Introduction: this research aims to encourage the improvement of the current conditions of web accessibility of the platforms available at the Polytechnic School of Chimborazo ESPOCH for students with visual and hearing disabilities. Objectives:  to improve access to university websites by students with disabilities at the Polytechnic School of Chimborazo ESPOCH. Identify the typical characteristics of ESPOCH web accessibility for people with disabilities. Describe the components of web accessibility based on the international approaches that govern the subject from the W3C and the WCAG 2.1 guidelines. Develop an inclusive learning tool that facilitates web access for disabled people. Methodology: an investigation is conducted with a mixed qualitative and quantitative design, in which techniques were used such as the application of questionnaires aimed at teachers and students, triangulation of results and an observation sheet to evaluate each designed activity. Results:  the results showed that both teachers and students agree on the need to make adaptations to the websites of universities and higher education institutions. So that it can allow access to people with disabilities who join this house of studies and as a contribution of this work, an evaluation tool was designed for the proposal to improve the university's website. Conclusions: it was identified that in Ecuador there is a legal framework to guarantee web access of people with disabilities to university institutions, however, there is evidence of a lack of web access alternatives for students with disabilities. ESPOCH, UCE and PUCE have defined inclusive policies for people with disabilities at the higher education level, however, the three houses of study suffer from comprehensive programs that guarantee the right to education under equal conditions for those with some type of disability. A proposal for a methodology for evaluating the web accessibility of universities for people with disabilities was designed, it is proposed to develop the integration model. General study area: Information and communication technologies. Specific area of study: Information and communication technologies.

Introduction: Computer aided manufacturing (CAM) and aluminum casting processes play a fundamental role in the development of automotive parts and pieces with a high degree of precision, reducing costs and time. Objective: Manufacture a 150 cc single-cylinder engine block, using 7075 aluminums as raw material, from a "biscuit" type casting process obtained in CAD software, then printed on a 3D printer until obtaining the male molds in silica sand combined with sodium silicate as a hardening and forming binder. Methodology: Literature review of aluminum alloy casting processes, reverse engineering, 3D printing, casting process by the "cookie" method. Results: Liquid aluminum was poured into the mold at an average temperature of 850°C combined with zinc (5.1-6.1%), magnesium (2.1-2.9%), copper (1.2-2%), and silicon, iron, manganese, chrome, and titanium in small proportions. Once the prototype had cooled, it was demolded and machined on a 4-axis machining center and finally the pressure jacket was inserted until the finished block was obtained. Conclusions: A single cylinder 100 cc engine block prototype was obtained. fully functional. General study area: Engineering. Specific study area: Casting processes.

Introduction: hemophilia is a hereditary disorder characterized by deficiency of coagulation factors, deficiencies of factor VIII (Hemophilia A) and factor IX (Hemophilia B) are one of the most frequent and well-known pathologies in coagulation. Objective: the research objective to determine the prevalence of Hemophilia A, in the Alfredo Noboa Montenegro Hospital. Methods: The analysis unit: Clinical history of patients with hemophilia treated at Alfredo Noboa Montenegro Hospital. Methodology: the 20 registered are included as they are an optimal number for the study. Results: patients with Hemophilia A were 85% representing 17 patients have a family history of Hemophilia A; 2 (10%) of them have a family history of CVD and only 1 (5%) of them have hypertension. 95% who have Hemophilia A are men, while 5% who represent a patient are women. 70% were at risk of minor bleeding, (25%) at moderate risk and (5%) at severe risk. Conclusions: the prevalence of hemophilia in the Alfredo Noboa Montenegro hospital is low, since in this study there are only 20 patients. The prevalence of hepatitis A was 95% mostly in males, and the highest prevalence of patients was found in the ages of 15-24 years.

Objective. Evaluate the antifungal activity of monensin on Malassezia in Vitro, isolated from canines with external otitis (EO), and delimitate their susceptibility to monensin, wich will be cultured in vitro. Methodology. This research was conducted on 30 canine patients, suffering from clinical external otitis, and treated at ¨Fundación Arca¨ and private veterinary clinics.  These canine patients exhibited clinical signs such as pain, erythema of pinna, pruritus, head shacking and head tilting. Malassezi pachidermatis was identified as the etiological agent through cytology with diff-quick staining, and samples were evaluated under a microscope to confirm the presence of Malassezia for in vitro culturing. The antimicrobial activity of monensin was assessed using four different concentrations: 1%, 5%, 10%, and 20% in petri dishes. Results. The results showed that all 30 canine patients tested positive for Malassezia, but the antimicrobial activity of monensin did not yield any favorable results compared to other commercially used antifungal agents like ketoconazole, fluconazole, and griseofulvin. Ketoconazole exhibited the highest antifungal activity against Malassezia. Conclusion. Malassezia develops a significant role in this disease, and various treatments have been investigated and implemented form this fungus. However, with the evolution of the species, new resistances have emerged, resulting in persistent chronic infections. Monensin does not act against this microorganism at the concentrations used in this study; therefore, new studies are needed to analyze pharmacological components, including various natural oils, with the aim of avoiding toxic and adverse effects for the canines.

Introduction: The design of a traction system anchorable to a wheelchair for the transport of paraplegic people in urban regions was presented and materialized. Objective: Implementation of a propulsion system that can be attached to an autonomous translation wheelchair for paraplegic people. Methodology: Based on the previously established design parameters, an electric traction system was chosen consisting of a 350 Watt brushless motor, a 36 volt 9 amp lithium ion battery and a 15 amp controller. Results: Using CAD software, the anchorable traction prototype was modeled, and with the help of CAE software, the design was validated, reaching appropriate results with respect to safety factors and deformations. It is worth mentioning that A36 steel was selected for the design, since It has a high strength/weight ratio. Subsequently, the manufacturing of the traction prototype was conducted, applying processes such as: tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding for the assembly of the different components of the frame, also cutting, bending, among others. Subsequently, the electrical elements of the electrical system were coupled. Conclusions: The required functional tests were carried out, they determined that the prototype satisfactorily fulfills its established function, since it is capable of propelling a wheelchair together with its occupant in a trajectory whose slope is up to 12% with a speed of 5 km/h, while on a flat road it reaches 20 km/h; In terms of autonomy, the system can travel up to 16 km at full load. It is recommended in subsequent design work, opt for less dense materials, in such a way that it favors reducing energy consumption. General study area: Engineering. Specific study area: Design and construction.

Nowadays (CMC) ceramic matrix composites have gained popularity as a material for a wide variety of high – protection components, increasing the need to better understand the impacts of multiple machining methods. It is mainly composed of ceramic fibers embedded in the matrix. Ceramic materials, especially carbon and carbon fibers, have been used to create the matrix and fibers. In some cases, these ceramics include a wide variety of non – metallic inorganic materials that are regularly used at high emperatures. In this article, the development, properties and production of ceramic matrix composites are analyzed from theoretical perspective. We proceed to carry out a summary of the main existing results in the scientific literature on ceramic matrix composites and their various applications in the field. Normally the matrix includes composite materials which are formed or are characterized to offer great resistance to mechanical stress.

The prediction of events has been, since ancient times, a phenomenon capable of generating curiosity in human beings. However, to achieve a projection of a future event, a detailed analysis of data is required to predict subsequent events. Objectives: The objective of the research was to develop two prediction systems using artificial neural networks and GRU to determine the predicted electrical generation at the ILLUCHI HYDROELECTRIC PLANT. Methodology: The data used for this study were collected from ELEPCO S.A. operators based on the years 2008 to 2020. The input variables were the date and the energy generated to develop different cases with different conditions to arrive at a successful Recurrent Neural Network model. Results: Once the variables of the model were understood, the data was divided into two groups: training 70% and validation 30% respectively. The ADAM algorithm and libraries provided by Python were used for the corresponding training. General area of study: Engineering. Specific area of study: Electrical.

Introduction: Propagation models predict the power, or information, loss between a transmitting antenna (Tx) and a receiving antenna (Rx). The receive power data in a specific area can be measured empirically, so that comparisons can be made, and models can be found that best fit the actual measured data. Objective: To compare the Okumura-Hata, Ericsson 9999 and SUI propagation models with empirically obtained reception power measurements in an LTE antenna, to know the best prediction model in the open areas of the Departament of Livestock Sciences of the Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo. Methodology: Quantitative, analytical, and rationalistic approach. Scientific field research; collecting empirical data. Results: The SUI model shows an exponential trend in the prediction of power loss, while the Okumura-Hata and Ericsson 9999 models do not show a particular trend, because they are conditioned according to the attenuation by vegetation present in the area. Conclusion: The Okumura-Hata urban model with vegetation attenuation is the most adequate to predict power losses in the open areas of the Departament of Livestock Sciences of ESPOCH.

Objectives: To review and analyze different investigations that address the different fractures that occur in materials, that is, the one that occurs when a solid element is separated into two or more parts due to the subjection of this to a force, information that is important to be shared because, from this knowledge, mitigation strategies can be generated, which allow the correct and sustainable use of materials, depending on the selection variables. Methodology: A bibliographic documentary type research is used, in order to synthesize the information obtained from the criteria of professionals and researchers, and to use these developments in favor of the community, both in the student and professional sectors, Results: It generates the motivation of the inquiry of topics related to the forms of mitigation and the establishment of the root causes of fractures, as well as the propagation of the design of strategies that are applicable in different structures of the industry where the general purpose is to ensure safety, Conclusions: it is achieved with the proper detection of the sources of the different fractures.

Objectives: Nowadays there is a growing demand for construction materials that are durable and sustainable, in order to improve the long-term performance of houses and buildings, as well as to improve the resistance and strength over time of the different civil infrastructures. Thanks to the advance of technology and innovation in materials engineering, modification processes have been developed in different polymers, and this modification is a well-known method that has improved the properties of construction materials. Methodology: The present research analyzed the different investigations that focus on the types of polymers that exist, based on composition and use, considering different factors such as climate, bacterial agents, among others that influence the deterioration of polymeric materials. Results: The present study identifies some knowledge gaps related to the understanding of the functionality of polymers, especially those that can be fused with construction materials. Conclusion: Establishing these gaps facilitates the generation of applications for polymeric materials that are generally waste, thus promoting the conservation and sustainability of non-renewable resources.

Introduction: Metallic materials have been used for many years, in a diverse range of applications at industrial level, this because they possess excellent physical and mechanical properties. Metallic materials are elements produced through several manufacturing changes, to develop alloys with better properties, such as higher strength and toughness. In the industry, it is important to know the processes that are available for the selection of a better option and optimization in the consumption of the material, thus obtaining an increase in production efficiency. Methodology: This article investigates the advances of metallic materials and their relevance in the current industry, analyzing their chemical and mechanical characteristics, and their influence in diverse applications in their alloys with Iron-Carbon compounds, at low conductivity with different elements in their composition. Results: The importance of keeping informed in this field is highlighted in order to make the best use of the advantages offered by these materials in a competitive industrial environment. It is essential to check previous research and scientific studies for a better understanding of metallic materials, as well as to present examples of industrial applications to highlight their benefits and challenges. Understanding manufacturing processes and the right choice of materials are important elements to improve efficiency and reduce waste. Conclusion: Metallic materials continue to be essential to industry because of their advanced properties and their ability to meet diverse application needs.