Domestic violence is one of the latent problems that has been developing the most together with the social sphere, considering that it has been adapting to new types of violence, which have emerged within the family nucleus and directly affecting one. one of the fundamental pillars of society where the family is identified, however, it is noted that the performance of these hostile behaviors generates a violation of the rights recognized by the legal system, therefore, it puts security within the community at risk. legal and sociopolitical sphere, therefore, it is important to encourage the construction of a culture of peace, starting with an education of values, principles and positive behaviors influencing from the smallest of the home, considering that in this stage is where guided teachings are strengthened based on pragmatic ideals and principles, which must be executed in the future within the family group and later in society, that is why when proposing the implementation and construction of a culture of peace within this article, it will focus on encouraging the execution of ideals, behaviors and teaching guides, which are promoted and encouraged from the family nucleus and the academy through harmonious relationships in the interaction with the family and its praxis within society.

This article has sought to denote the social exclusion of women who practice paid sex, although we have included an analysis of the violations caused within the social sphere, we managed to delimit which are the conditions and violated rights of these people, For the development of this article we will use the qualitative method in order to recognize the living conditions of women who practice prostitution, and to analyze the regulatory framework that protects the rights of these women. We will also apply the explanatory study method in order to analyze the situation of violation and discrimination that prevents this group of women from social acceptance.  It is necessary to mention that prostitution is a phenomenon that has subsisted throughout the years, many times faced by the macho mandate that for its permanence has opted for the application of force and violence in order to continue with this figure, prostitution being a point of criticism, speculation and stereotypes has led to greater violation of fundamental rights and this we can visualize in our analysis from the perspective of human rights, Once the problem is known and the different characters that violate it have been addressed, we have seen the need to propose the application of public policies that make effective the guarantee of the rights established in the constitution and other international instruments, likewise the application of these policies will allow us to further immersed in the culture of peace and tolerance to create a better environment for this group of violated women.

Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus is an infection in humans that causes a series of symptoms, including deterioration of mental health due to several factors, and consequently depression that affects antiretroviral adherence. Objective: To examine the scientific literature on depression and antiretroviral adherence in adults with human immunodeficiency virus. Methodology: The search strategy will allow the identification of depression and antiretroviral adherence in adults with HIV, for which documents were selected from updated scientific databases such as: Scopus, Proquest, Web of Science, Taylor & Francis. Results: Scientific information was compiled from 10 articles to describe the main factors that cause depression and hinder antiretroviral treatment, and to provide a clear approach for health professionals. Conclusion: HIV as a social problem becomes a chain of situations, leading to social stigma because of chronic stress, social isolation and violence that can hinder treatment and adherence, resulting in unfavorable therapeutic outcomes.

Introduction: Adolescent pregnancy has become a public health problem, worldwide it is evident that there are high percentages for which it is important that it be intervened to generate public policies that help to have a decrease in adolescent pregnancy. General objective: To determine the mortality rate and risk factors in adolescent pregnancy through a literature review. Methodology: A systematic review based on PRISMA was carried out in different databases such as: Web of Science, Scielo, Medline, Scopus, the keywords were: Pregnancy, Adolescence, Woman, Mortality, Risks and the languages that were searched were Spanish and English. Results: Twelve articles were analyzed, and it was found that the highest percentage of prevalence was 56% in Nepal, followed by a prevalence of 26.50% in Israel. Equal prevalence’s of 18% were determined in Ecuador, and prevalence’s of 17% and 17.70% in Brazil. However, the lowest prevalence identified was 5.80% also in Ecuador for the year 2015. The main causes of death in pregnant adolescents were hypertensive disorders (28%), puerperal infection (16%), hemorrhage (12%), thromboembolism (12%) and abortion (10%). Conclusion: Increase intervention programs that help adolescents to have clear requirements are contraceptive methods and family planning to reduce pregnancy in adolescents.

Introduction. Childhood obesity reflects complex interactions of genetic, environmental, social, and behavioral factors, together with nutritional components and food consumption patterns, becoming a serious health problem during the last decades. Objective. To review the scientific evidence on the prevalence and risk factors associated with childhood obesity. Methodology. A systematic review of the literature was carried out in the following databases: Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science, by combining keywords which allowed the selection of articles in spanish and english language between the years of publication 2017 to 2021. Results. The prevalence of childhood obesity when analyzing the 17 articles was 19.6%. Among the associated risk factors, having a family history of obesity, inherited habits, social environment, poor eating habits, spending a lot of time in front of electronic devices, sedentary lifestyle, stress, and family dysfunction were identified. Conclusion. Family history, psychological, social and lifestyle factors play an important role in childhood obesity and are more likely to develop non-communicable diseases.

Introduction. Diabetes mellitus type 2(DM2) in recent years has been considered as a pathology of worldwide health threat due to its cardiovascular complications, which caused the increase of prevalence and mortality rates.  Objective. To examine the scientific literature on cardiovascular risk factors related to diabetes. Methodology. A systematic review of publications was carried out in the following browsers: Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, since 2017, those that had some relation with the subject were chosen, in a complementary way this search was performed using the keywords: cardiovascular risk, diabetes mellitus, prevalence, hypertension, obesity. Results. A total of 24 articles related to the topic were found that reflected that arterial hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hyperglycemia, obesity and obesity smoking were cardiovascular risk factors related to diabetes. Conclusion. As diabetes mellitus type 2 is of worldwide importance due to its morbi-mortality rates it was important to study it and define the different cardiovascular risk factors related to this pathology.

Introduction. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a transient form of diabetes (glucose intolerance) that appears or is first recognized during pregnancy. Objective. To determine the prevalence and risk factors of diabetes mellitus in pregnancy. Methodology. The systematic review was performed with bibliographic data, based on the PRISMA method, for this purpose, information was consulted in databases such as Web of Science, Pubmed and Scopus, choosing publications in Spanish and English language from the last 5 years from 2017-2021. Results. The prevalence of gestational diabetes in the 17 studies analyzed was 16.6%, therefore the development of GDM is directly related to factors such as history of GDM, advanced maternal age, increased parity, high body mass index (BMI) and medical history along with the level of education of the woman. Conclusion. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common metabolic disorder during pregnancy, its prevalence is increasing, correlates with several common psychosocial, biological factors and is associated with poor maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes.

Introduction: Ongoing research into the field of Teaching English by implementing information and communication technologies (ICTs) and E-learning has significantly improved the communicative performance of A2 students, going from face to face to fully online learning. Objective: The aim of this research was to determine the extent to which the implementation of didactic strategies improved the level of communicative performance in students migrating from face to face teaching to fully online education, in A2 undergraduate students through the evaluation of materials, teaching methodology and IT resources available. Methodology: The methodology used was descriptive and exploratory based on observational research as well as a survey. The research approach was qualitative, based on description, observation, and surveys for data collection from learners; both at the beginning and at the end of the course, in order to understand changes in communicative performance of students. Results: Communicative strategies put in place during the course had a positive impact on the results of students’ performance, reflected on the overall performance of students, who either maintained their grades or increased them significantly throughout the development of the course despite limitations. Close to 70% of students maintained their performance and grades during the transition from face to face to a fully online setting. Additionally, around 20% improved their performance and grades, while 12% reported to have experienced a drop in their performance. Conclusions:  The research has shown that the implementation of didactic strategies has improved the communicative performance in students who migrated from face to face to a fully online model of education. The students were attending the A2 level and was a combination of the analysis of technological resources, methodological strategies, and the introduction of new practices through action research. Study area: Education

Introduction: The present research will have an in-depth analysis on the due process and the alleged violation of the principle to impartiality in the substantiation of the administrative summaries initiated to the teachers of District 01D02 Cuenca - South, in the periods 2019, 2020 and 2021. Objective: To analyze the due process and the alleged violation of the principle of impartiality in the substantiation of the administrative summary proceedings initiated against teachers of District 01D02 Cuenca - South. Methodology: Qualitative, with a descriptive, logical, hypothetical and demonstrative scope. Results: According to the data provided by the Ministry of Education, in the years 2019, 2020 and 2021, only 20% of the administrative summaries that were instituted to teachers, passed to the next stage which is the administrative litigation, for this reason it is required that the creation of the specialized unit for the resolution of administrative summaries is given. Conclusion: There should be a specialized unit for the resolution of administrative summary proceedings with a competent authority; and specifically for the case of teachers and the educational field, to achieve respect for due process and the principle of impartiality, the members of the Commission that substantiates the administrative summary proceedings should be persons specialized in the resolution of conflicts of this type. General area of study: Law. Specific area of study: Administrative Law.

Introduction: The present study examines the relationship and annual variation of six companies considered as small and medium dedicated to the pulverization of stone for the manufacture of aggregates in the city of Guayaquil, analyzing variables of costs, production, and sales in a period of five years before the pandemic. Objective: Analyze in a multivariate way the costs of six SMEs in the aggregates sector in Ecuador, to know the impact of production, sales, and costs and to know the relationship of these in six years of study. Methodology: The STATIC multivariate method was used to analyze the relationship and the effect of the variables in the companies in the different periods. Results: The results revealed that five of the six companies have similar behavior in the analysis structure, where Covitan presented a different behavior. Likewise, it was observed that sales have a high relationship with variable costs in SMEs. Conclusions: It was shown that the STATIC analysis improves the knowledge of the dynamics of the company-variable sets. General area of study: Engineering, Industry, and construction. Specific area of study: Mining production and extractive industries.