Schizencpehaly: Clinical case

Abstract

Introduction: schizencephaly is a rare condition of the central nervous system that involves an abnormality in the migration of brain cells. It is characterized by incomplete development of the cortex in specific areas where the main fissures of the brain normally form. This results in the appearance of clefts that affect the subarachnoid space on only one side, connecting it with the lateral ventricles, and it is surrounded by gray matter that resembles the folds of the cerebellum. General objective: Examine the medical history of a student who presents schizencephaly, with the objective of determining the appropriate diagnosis and planning the necessary treatment for this condition. Methodology: A retrospective descriptive analysis of a clinical case study was carried out using data collected from medical records. The description of the pathology was based on the compilation of articles obtained from recognized databases such as Scopus, ProQuest, PubMed, Web of Science and LILACS. The inclusion criteria covered articles published in the last five years in Spanish and English. The legal ethical process is fulfilled with the signing of the patient's consent or assent. Results: This study presents the clinical case of a 9-year-old girl with a history of seizures and attention difficulties, diagnosed with schizencephaly, a rare genetic condition that affects neuronal migration in the cerebral cortex. For her diagnosis, magnetic resonance imaging was used as the main imaging method. The therapeutic approach focuses on relieving symptoms in a multidisciplinary manner, including psychological support for the family. Conclusions: The best diagnostic method is images, the most used is magnetic resonance imaging, the treatment is according to the patient's symptoms, with seizures being the most remarkable.