TiO2-based photocatalysts for the degradation of organic compounds in aqueous media

Abstract

Introduction: This article reviews the processes of degradation of organic compounds in aqueous medium using photocatalysis in TiO₂, the course of the photocatalytic process and the routes of formation of oxidative species responsible for the degradation of organic compounds, morphology, crystalline states, and physicochemical properties of TiO₂. The degradation mechanisms of organic compounds classified by functional groups and the photocatalytic activity enhancement methods were also reviewed. Also, potential applications in processes of decontamination and detoxification of water contaminated with organic compounds. Goals: To analyze the mechanism of photocatalytic activity using TiO₂ in aqueous medium and its potential applications for the decontamination and detoxification of water contaminated with organic compounds. Methodology: This research has a mixed approach because numerical data of photocatalysis application results obtained in research conducted by other researchers are analyzed, but the general mechanisms of the photocatalytic processes that have led to these results are also analyzed. Results. Photocatalysis using TiO₂ in aqueous medium produces the degradation of organic compounds in aqueous medium producing some chemical species such as CO₂ and H₂O and some innocuous inorganic hyphens. Conclusions: The application of photocatalysis with TiO₂ in the degradation of organic compounds in aqueous media has enormous potential in detoxification and decontamination processes of industrial wastewater, producing non-toxic, low energy consumption, economical and environmentally friendly waste. The enhancement of photocatalytic properties by various methods enhances photocatalytic processes. New advances lead to new applications such as the treatment of water contaminated with radioactive waste, in the generation of H₂ with high efficiency, and in the disinfection of wastewater.