Determination of the efficiency in the use of septic tanks and anaerobic filters (Biodigester) for the treatment of domestic wastewater

Abstract

Introduction The construction of septic tanks or the implantation of biodigesters in residences generate a series of doubts about the quality of the treatment given to domestic wastewater; manifested in problems such as: bad odors, color of the water and the insecurity of society about the parameters that the treated liquid meets, about to return to a filter bed. Target. In the present investigation, it is proposed to demonstrate and compare the effectiveness of septic tanks and biodigesters in the treatment of domestic wastewater. Methodology. This is done through the statistical analysis of the data provided from the monitoring of septic tanks conducted by the department of drinking water and sanitation operations of ETAPA EP and from the control of outlet water that is taken in Biodigesters. To establish the quality ranges of the treated water and issue recommendations for the design and use of these wastewater treatment devices, it was necessary to tabulate statistical data from water monitoring. With the data obtained and in different scenarios in optimal conditions and specific conditions with distinctive characteristics such as: type of soil, area for its implementation, access roads and its final disposal, once the results were obtained, a comparative diagnosis was made to identify the efficiency in the use of septic tanks and biodigesters. Results. The results obtained do not show that the lack of knowledge about the conditions prior to the implementation of this type of treatment directly influences their misuse. Conclusion. We conclude that both septic tanks and biodigesters are effective in the treatment of domestic wastewater if they are well built and installed, considering the existing regulations for their construction, it is important to mention that it is essential to take measures for the use of these devices in current and future buildings and thus obtain positive results.