Treatment of Wastewater: A Case Study in San Isidro de Patulú.

Abstract

This study aims to design a Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) for the communities of Santa Rosa and San Francisco in the parish of San Isidro de Patulú, with the purpose of reducing the pollutant load of the wastewater and ensuring compliance with the maximum permissible limits established by current regulations. A characterization of the wastewater was conducted, identifying key physico-chemical parameters, with Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5), and Total Nitrogen standing out as the main pollutants exceeding regulatory limits. Based on these results, an efficient treatment line was designed, allowing for a significant reduction of the pollutants present in the wastewater. The evaluation of the treatment efficiency demonstrated that COD, BOD5, and Total Nitrogen values were reduced to levels within permissible limits, allowing the treated water to be discharged into the Guano River. A Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) was designed, which includes screening processes, followed by two sedimentation tanks, an upflow anaerobic filter (UAFF), and a drying bed for sludge management, ensuring that the final discharge meets the established environmental requirements. This study provides a technical and scientific basis for the implementation of a functional and efficient WWTP in the study area, contributing to the mitigation of the environmental impact generated by wastewater and promoting the sustainable use of water resources.