Introduction: the research evaluates the effect of two types of organic fertilizers on the morpho-agronomic characteristics of two varieties of Jamaica (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) under field conditions in the Tena canton, Napo province, Ecuador. Objectives: to evaluate the effect of the application of poultry manure and worm humus on the growth, development, and yield of two varieties from Jamaica, and to identify the morpho-agronomic differences between them. Methodology: variables such as germination percentage, plant height, leaf width and length, days at flowering, fruit weight per plant and yield were analyzed. Data were evaluated using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's mean comparison tests at 5% significance. Results: the results showed significant differences in the percentage of germination between varieties, with Estrella Costeña (88 %) standing out compared to Patriota (76.3 %). In the morpho-agronomic variables related to vegetative growth, the fertilizer factor was highly significant, evidencing that poultry manure and worm humus promoted greater leaf development and a higher plant height compared to the control treatment without fertilization. During the reproductive phase, organic fertilizers accelerated flowering and increased the weight of fruit per plant, which was reflected in an increase in yield. Conclusions: the results indicate that, although variety influences initial vigor and germination capacity, organic fertilization is the most crucial factor in determining the final yield of the Jamaican crop. General area of study: Agronomy. Specific area of study: Plant nutrition. Item type: Original.

Introduction. Gears are essential and expensive elements in industrial processes that suffer severe operational wear. To mitigate catastrophic failures and unplanned downtime, it is crucial to implement effective diagnostic strategies that continuously monitor the mechanical condition of the system. Objective. To analytically evaluate and compare the behavior and sensitivity of vibrational and ultrasonic signals in the presence of common fault modes in spur gears. Methodology. In this applied research with an experimental design, a practical approach was used through the recording and processing of dynamic signals from a parameterizable test bed. Global vibration and sound pressure measurements were collected using specialized sensors under controlled conditions of induced defects. Results. Statistical analysis showed that the root-mean-square vibration velocity parameter (VRMS) has a direct and superior correlation for detecting mechanical angular misalignments. Conversely, the overall ultrasonic sound pressure level (NPT) demonstrated exclusivity and high sensitivity against the progression of severe wear on the tooth flanks. Meanwhile, ultrasound waveform analysis proved to be more favorable for detecting broken gear teeth. Conclusion. It was determined that the complementary combination of vibrational analysis and passive ultrasound optimizes timely diagnosis in spur gear transmissions. The joint use of both techniques reduces predictive uncertainty by specializing each tool according to the geometric nature of the fault. General Area of Study: Industrial Maintenance. Specific area of study: Condition-Based Maintenance. Type of study: Original article.